The Centre for Social and Economic Progress is delighted to share the Annual Report for the calendar year 2023.

As the catastrophic consequences of climate change loom large, the world stands at a cross­roads, facing challenges of unprecedented complexity and urgency. ...

Abstract How does India collaborate with European partners on climate action? This policy brief examines the 2016 India–EU Clean Energy and Climate ...

Abstract In 2021, the United States (US) and India renewed their commitment to shared energy and climate priorities in the US–India Climate ...

Abstract Changing global economic landscapes and power structures have led to India augmenting its climate persona and engaging with other countries through ...

Abstract Recognising the need for cooperation to address broader global challenges, the Quad—comprising Australia, Japan, India, and the US—established a Climate Working ...

Abstract This policy brief explores India’s engagement with a new, bespoke climate framework that focuses on solar energy—the International Solar Alliance (ISA). ...

Abstract The International Energy Agency (IEA) was set up in 1974 as a collective response to major disruptions resulting from the 1970s ...

Abstract The enhanced transparency framework (ETF), a crucial part of the rulebook of the Paris Agreement, was agreed upon and adopted at ...

Abstract A fraught geopolitical context is affecting and fragmenting global climate governance. Increasingly less focused on the United Nations Framework Convention on ...

An increasingly competitive geopolitical context is fragmenting global climate governance and traditional modes of multilateral cooperation. The report maps both what has ...

Abstract As the coronavirus pandemic emerged in Wuhan and swept across the world in early 2020, a few Twitter and Facebook accounts ...

Abstract This chapter analyses the evolution of the Communist Party of China’s external messaging targeting Indian audiences on traditional and new media ...

Abstract In recent years, much of the focus of China’s new engagements in Nepal has been on converging interests or increasing Chinese ...

Abstract The International Department of the Communist Party of China has spread its reach to many developing nations, including Sri Lanka. It ...

Abstract Globally, party-to-party diplomacy has been an integral part of China’s foreign policy since the 1950s, and, in recent decades, it has ...

Abstract Religion has emerged as one of the critical soft power tools for many countries worldwide, including China. China has a long ...

Abstract Since 2012, when Xi Jinping became general secretary of the Communist Party of China, China’s mediation tactics have moved in a ...

Abstract With growing momentum in Nepal-China diplomatic ties, it is important to look at the scholastic exchanges through history, notwithstanding the political ...

There is an abundance of anecdotal and topical commentary on China’s influence in South Asia. And yet, there is little by way ...

Abstract This chapter provides an introduction to the report, summarising its key objectives and findings. It reviews the drivers of China’s recent ...

Based on eight case studies by analysts and scholars from Bangladesh, Nepal, India and Sri Lanka, the report examines China’s growing role ...

Abstract The Hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha) is among hundreds of other species of aquatic animals and plants collectively referred to as “blue ...

Abstract This policy brief discusses the complex emergency in the Bay of Bengal region and the deficits in regional governance. The complex ...

Abstract The Bay of Bengal has become a hotbed of irregular human migration in recent years, with Rohingya refugee boats making their ...

Abstract Existing free trade agreements (FTAs) among countries in the Bay of Bengal region have failed to effectively address non-tariff barriers (NTBs) ...

Abstract Despite numerous examples to illustrate that dominating the maritime sector is a significant contributor to regional economic growth, the Bay of ...

Abstract Railways have become an important geo-strategic infrastructure in South Asia. In the last decade, India has focussed on expanding its rail ...

Abstract The geographic location of Bangladesh makes it a critical player in several inter- and intra-regional connectivity initiatives, including the Trans-Asian Railway ...

Abstract Most of the global trade takes place between corridors that connect major economic or logistics clusters. The efficient operation of these ...

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has set off an exhaustive reorganisation of supply chains. The restructuring was precipitated by sourcing dependencies of several ...

Abstract Despite being at the heart of what is now called the Indo-Pacific region, the Bay of Bengal has long been more ...

It is hard for a resident of the subcontinent to overestimate the significance of the Bay of Bengal. Throughout history it has ...

While the Bay of Bengal is located at the fulcrum of the Indo-Pacific, between the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, it continues ...

Land acquisition and lack of coordination has delayed India's development cooperation projects in neighbouring countries

Impact of temperature on electricity demand: Evidence from Delhi and Indian states

Healthcare expenditure is financed through various sources in a country. It can be financed by the government (state or union), insurance schemes ...

This paper examines enrolment trends, graduation and employment patterns and the quality of Higher Education Institutions in India.

Abstract For the first time, India has sufficient or even surplus electricity generation capacity.  Headline numbers show India’s gross installed electricity capacity ...

  Achieving the ambitious sustainable development goals (SDGs) by 2030 will take an estimated $5 to $7 trillion per year, with a ...

The paper discusses the need to focus attention on the primacy of growth as a policy objective, to eliminate poverty and achieve ...

India is expected to be among the top growth markets in the world for electricity in the coming decade. At the same ...

A changing global order, energy transitions and climate change and rapid technological advancement – India’s next government has the difficult task of ...

For years, governments, policymakers, and philanthropists have contributed funds for the delivery of social programs to achieve specific goals and development outcomes. ...

It is now widely recognised that India’s future will be urban. According to estimates by the United Nations’ World Urbanisation Prospects, India ...

India has seen a rapid expansion in the higher education sector since 2001. There has been a dramatic rise in the number ...

India’s economy has grown at an impressive pace over the last few years, but overall, it still witnesses poor health outcomes. The ...

Executive summary Coal provides about half of India’s commercial primary energy supply today and is the dominant fuel for power production in ...

Existing literature has documented a significant gender gap in various sectors including health, labour market opportunities, education and political representation in India. ...

By making financial services accessible at affordable costs to all individuals and businesses, irrespective of net worth and size, financial inclusion strives ...

Despite the thrust on transforming electricity supply, India’s per capita electricity consumption remains amongst the lowest in the world, with vast latent ...

Executive Summary Even before signing the Paris climate agreement, the Indian government announced extremely ambitious renewable energy (RE) targets  that would quadruple ...

The Indian government’s JAM trinity comprises three components: Jan Dhan bank account, Aadhaar unique identity number and mobile phone. A combination of ...

Coal and railways in India are heavily interdependent. In the Financial Year (FY) 2017, out of 574 MT of coal (inclusive of ...

This paper provides a narrative of Indian monetary policy since the North Atlantic Financial Crisis (NAFC) in the mid-2008 till the current ...

Coal India Limited (CIL) commissioned a study in 2017 to analyse the long term trends that would play a role in determining ...

India has a vibrant market for batteries and inverters and even diesel generators – but a cynic could call these responses to ...

This paper analyses the ways in which civil–military relations shape professional military education (PME). Its main argument is that military education benefits ...

The National Medical Commission Bill looks to create a National Medical Commission (NMC) to replace the currently existing and extremely corrupt Medical Council ...

The Health Monitor brings together real-time data, research & powerful analytics of India’s healthcare sector on a common platform. It’s created using ...

Donald Trump’s election at a time of growing and converging interests between India and the United States necessitates a re-evaluation of several aspects ...

Forty-two years have passed since the United Nations first decided to commemorate March 8th as International Women’s Day, marking a historical transition ...

Violence in childhood is a serious health, social and human rights concern globally, there is, however, little understanding about the factors that ...

Brookings India Senior Fellow Shamika Ravi recently presented glimpses of her work on women and representative governance in India to a group ...

The decade from 2004 to 2014 saw the Indian economy grow at an impressive rate. This was also the time when the government ...

As India continues to experience rapid urban expansion, public and private leaders at a national, state, and local level are looking into ...

Key findings India is heavily dependent on coal based power for its electricity needs, 79 per cent of total electricity generation is ...

A Brookings India roundtable on “Future of Coal – 2020” invited experts to discuss future coal demand for the country, and also to ...

In August 2015, the Ministry of Power released the State Distribution Utilities Third Annual Integrated Ratings.  This is the third instance of rating ...

The mobile sector continues to see dramatic growth around the world. Usage of cellphones, smartphones, and tablets is increasing at a rapid pace. ...

In this paper, we study the data from the National Crime Record Bureau (NCRB) of India and disaggregate across demographic and leading ...

The Indian electricity system is struggling. Worldwide challenges of supply security, fuel choice, environmental impacts (now adding carbon and climate change), and ...

The recent policy measures undertaken by the Government of India and the Reserve Bank of India have provided a much-needed push for ...

Education is a powerful medium to unleash the potential of the SAARC region by cutting poverty and promoting development. It can also ...

Less than one fifth of all international tourists to India are from the SAARC countries. Yet, more than half of all foreigners ...

Water is vital in South Asia, where most countries are still largely agrarian. As such, water is inherently political – its socio-ecological ...

(Remarks made in the ASSOCHAM Livelihoods Security Summit on November 3, 2014) Let me begin by expressing my appreciation for ASSOCHAM’s initiatives ...

Intellectual property rights (IPR) are a significant point of contention between India and the United States. India is on the Office of ...

“Electrification” has been a priority for India for many years, and there are ongoing plans and projects to improve access to many ...

In this paper, the authors analyze women as political candidates in Indian democracy. Using 50 years of assembly elections data at the ...

This paper studies the growth of entrepreneurship in India by analyzing the micro, small and medium enterprises sector (MSME) and explores the ...

This backgrounder – prepared for the Petrotech 2014 CEO Conclave held in New Delhi, on December 17, 2013 – looks at the ...