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CSEP Annual Report 2023
Saturday, August 24
Domains
Growth, Finance, Health & Human Development
Energy, Natural Resources & Sustainability
Foreign Policy & Security
Publications
People
Researchers
Communication & Development
Administration & Finance
Staff Directory
Vikram Singh Mehta
Chairman & Distinguished Fellow
Laveesh Bhandari
President and Senior Fellow
Rakesh Mohan
President Emeritus & Distinguished Fellow
Shivshankar Menon
Distinguished Fellow
Montek Singh Ahluwalia
Distinguished Fellow
Anoop Singh
Distinguished Fellow
Jaimini Bhagwati
Distinguished Fellow
N.K. Singh
Distinguished Fellow
Shishir Gupta
Senior Fellow
Rahul Tongia
Senior Fellow
Rajesh Chadha
Senior Fellow
Sandhya Venkateswaran
Senior Fellow
Janak Raj
Senior Fellow
Renu Kohli
Senior Fellow
Amita Batra
Senior Fellow
Amarjeet Sinha
Senior Fellow
Constantino Xavier
Senior Fellow
Uday Singh Mehta
Visiting Senior Fellow
Indrani Gupta
Visiting Senior Fellow
Om Prakash Mathur
Visiting Senior Fellow
Sanjay Kathuria
Visiting Senior Fellow
T.G. Srinivasan
Visiting Senior Fellow
Shalabh Srivastava
Visiting Senior Fellow
Amaresh Dubey
Visiting Senior Fellow
Shreekant Gupta
Visiting Senior Fellow
Deepak Maheshwari
Senior Consultant
Bhaskar Chakravorti
Non-Resident Senior Fellow
Ramu Damodaran
Non-Resident Senior Fellow
Richard K. Green
Non-Resident Senior Fellow
Daljit Singh
Fellow
Rajasekhar Devaguptapu
Fellow
Debarpita Roy
Fellow
Sharath Rao
Fellow
Shyamasis Das
Fellow
Priyadarshini Singh
Fellow
Neethi Rao
Fellow
Amrita Agarwal
Visiting Fellow
Ashwini Chitnis
Visiting Fellow
Nandita Bhan
Visiting Fellow
Indranil Mukhopadhyay
Visiting Fellow
Vandana Vasudevan
Visiting Fellow
Yashika Singh
Visiting Fellow
Anirudh Shingal
Visiting Fellow
Anuradha De
Visiting Fellow
Jabin Jacob
Non-Resident Fellow
Anit Mukherjee
Non-Resident Fellow
Badri Narayanan Gopalakrishnan
Non-Resident Fellow
Sahil Gandhi
Non-Resident Fellow
Rajat Verma
Associate Fellow
Riya Sinha
Associate Fellow
Amshika Amar
Associate Fellow
Pooja Vijay Ramamurthi
Associate Fellow
Veda Vaidyanathan
Associate Fellow
Prerna Prabhakar
Associate Fellow
Ganesh Sivamani
Associate Fellow
Utkarsh Patel
Visiting Associate Fellow
Abhishek Kumar
Non-Resident Associate Fellow
Events
Upcoming Events
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Authors
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Aakanksha Shrawan
Aakshi Chaba
Aaron Savio Lobo
Aarushi Dave
Aasheerwad Dwivedi
Aashi Gupta
Aashita Dawer
Abhishek Mishra
Abhishek Kumar
Adie Tomer
Aditi sudan
Adrianna Pita
Annie George
Aishwarya Agarwal
Ajai Nirula
Ajay Chhibber
Ajey Sangai
A K Gupta
Akhilesh Upadhyay
Alex Tabarrok
Alina Polyakova
Alok Kumar Singh
Amanda Sloat
Amar Bhattacharya
Amaresh Dubey
Amarjeet Sinha
Ambuj Chaturvedi
Ambuj Roy
Amish Raj Mulmi
Amita Batra
Amitendu Palit
Amitesh Sirvaiya
Amrita Agarwal
Amshika Amar
Amy Liu
Ananth Krishnan
Aneka Rebecca Rajbhandari
Angira Shukla
Anindita Sinh
Anirudh Shingal
Anit Mukherjee
Ankit Bhatia
Ankita Garg
Anoop Singh
Antara Ghosal Singh
Anthony W. Orlando
Anupam Nanda
Anuradha De
Anuradha Sajjanhar
Anurag Sehgal
Anushka Saxena
Aparajita Nair Dmonty
Aparna Preethan
Aparna Roy
Aprajita Prasad
Aradhika Menokee
Arnab Dutta
Arun K Mishra
Asanga Abeyagoonasekera
Ashley Jose
Ashok K Lahiri
Ashok Sreenivas
Ashwini Chitnis
Ashwini Narayanan
Avani Kapur
Axel Nordenstam
Ayush Khare
Badri Narayanan Gopalakrishnan
Baran Pradhan
Barun Deb Pal
Beverly Milton Edwards
Bhanubhatra Jittiang
Bhaskar Chakravorti
Bhavna Sharma
Bhavyanshi Sinha
Bhumika Sharma
Bibek Debroy
Biplob Chatterjee
Will Moreland
Brookings
Brookings Institution
Bruce Jones
Bruce Riedel
Chanakya Chaudhary
Charles K Ebinger
Charmi Mehta
Chathumi Ayanthi Kavirathna
Cheng Li
Cheshta Grover
Christina Kwauk
Christopher Meserole
Chunalee Attanayake
Colette D Honorable
Collin Koh Swee Lean
Constantino Xavier
Constanze Stelzenmuller
D P Sengupta
Daljit Singh
Dan Arbell
Daniel L Byman
Dany Bahar
Darrell M West
David Dam
David Dollar
David G Victor
David Wessel
Debapriya Saha
Debarpita Roy
Deborah Seligsohn
Deepak Agrawal
Deepak Maheshwari
Deepak Premnarayen
Devashish Sharma
Dhruv Gupta
Dhruva Jaishankar
Dhruva Teja Nandipati
Divya Jain
Divya Srinivasan
Diana Liang
Dweepobotee Brahma
Eun DuBois
Elizabeth Ferris
Emily Gustafsson Wright
Eswar Prasad
Eul Noh
Federica Saini Fasanotti
Filippos Letsas
Frank A Rose
Fred Dews
Fuad Cassim
Ganesh Sivamani
Gaurav Dalmia
Gautam Ray
Geethanjali Nataraj
Geetika Dang
Geetika Gupta
George Skaria
Gulzar Natarajan
Gurmeet Kaur
Hana Chambers
Harsha Vardhana Singh
Hasna Munas
Hillary Schaub
Homi Kharas
Honey Karun
Howard Schaffer
Ian Wallace
Indrani Gupta
Indranil Mukhopadhyay
Isha Agarwal
Ishita Kapoor
Izzy Boggild Jones
Jabin Jacob
Jack Karsten
Jahnavi Mukul
Jaimini Bhagwati
James Kirchick
Janak Raj
Janani Shankaran
Javier Solana
Jayapadma RV
Jeffrey A Bader
Jeffrey Ball
Jessica Seddon
Jessica Brandt
Jhalak Aggarwal
Jitesh Rastogi
Jonathan D Pollack
Joseph Chinyong Liow
Joseph Kane
Joshua P Meltzer
Jennifer Perron
Jung Hyun Choi
kritima Bhapta
K Prahalad
Kadira Pethiyagoda
Kanak Gokarn
Kandarp Patel
Kanishkh Kanodia
Karthik Nachiappan
Katy Collin
Kausheya Basu
Kaushik Basu
Kaveri Thara
Kavita Patel
Karthik Bansal
Kristen BelleIsle
Kemal Kirisci
Ketan Gupta
Kevin James
Khushboo Balani
Kingsley Chiedu Moghalu
Krishanu Karmakar
Krishnamurthy Subramanian
Kriti Raj Rai
Kunal Bali
Laveesh Bhandari
Laura McGhee
Louise Tillin
Lucas Daley
Lydia Jayakumar
M.R Saluja
Madhavan Somanathan
Madhulika Khanna
Madhurima Nundy
Mahesh Kumar Kushwaha
Maitreyee Mangu
Mallika Anand
Mariam Koruth
Mark Muro
Martin Indyk
Martin S Indyk
Matteo Garavoglia
Mayank Mishra
Mayuri Gupta
Medha Prasanna
Michael E Ohanlon
Michael O Hanlon
Miheer Jain
Mireya Solis
Monica Herz
Monica Sharma
Montek Singh Ahluwalia
Mudit Kapoor
Muhammad Tabish Parray
Nachiket Mor
Nadine Monteiro
Naini Swami
Nancy Gupta
Nandini Agnihotri
Nandita Bhan
Natan Sachs
Nathan Hultman
Naushad Forbes
Navroz K Dubash
Neelanjana Gupta
Neelima Khetan
Neethi Rao
Neil G Ruiz
Network Eighteen
Niara Sareen
Nidhi Varma
Niharika Mehrotra
Nikhil Iyer
Nikhil Tyagi
Nirupama Jayaraman
Nishmeet Singh
Niteesh Shanbog
Nitika Mehta
Nitika Nayar
N.K. Singh
Om Prakash Mathur
Pankhuri Bhatt
Pariroo Rattan
Partha Ray
Patricia F Harris
Pavel K Baev
Pawani Dasgupta
Peter Jarka-Sellers
Peter Nichols
Philip A Wallach
Philippe Le Corre
Pooja Ramamurthi
Prabhash Ranjan
Prachi Singh
Pradeep Guin
Prajakta Shukla
Preeti Sinha
Prerna Prabhakar
Prerna Sharma
Pritam Banerjee
Priti Dubey
Priyadarshini Singh
Priyam Awasthi
Priyanka Tomar
Puneet Kamboj
Puneeth Nagaraj
Purvaja Modak
Radha Malani
Rahul Ahluwalia
Rahul Dhir
Rahul Tongia
Rahul Walawalkar
Rahul Ranjan
Rajasekhar Devaguptapu
Rajat Kathuria
Rajat Verma
Rajeev Kumar
Rajesh Chadha
Rajeswari Rajagopalan
Rakesh Mohan
Ram Ranjan
Ramandeep Jakhu
Ramandeep Singh
Ramu Damodaran
Randeep Guleria
Ranj Alaaldin
Rashmi Saurav
Rashmi Kundu
Raunab Singh Khatri
Ravi Shankar Chaturvedi
Rebecca Winthrop
Reena Sudan
Renu Kohli
Rhea Sethi
Richa Roy
Richard C Bush
Richard K Green
Ridhi Purohit
Ritwik Shukla
Ritwika Sharma
Riya Sinha
Robert Einhorn
Robert J Einhorn
Robert L Mckenzie
Robert Puentes
Rohan Sandhu
Rohit Reddy
Rohit Vijay
Rishita Sachdeva
Rush Doshi
Ryan Hass
S V Subramanian
Sachin Chaturvedi
Sagnik Dey
Saheb Singh Chadha
Sahil Ali
Sahil Gandhi
Samantha Gross
Samar SJB Rana
Sampriti Mukherjee
Sana Ali
Sandhya Venkateswaran
Saneet Chakradeo
Sanjana Hattotuwa
Sanjay Kathuria
Sanjna Agarwal
Santosh Harish
Sara Perlangeli
Sarah Yerkes
Sarvoday Kumar
Saumya Jain
Sejal Yadav
Shahidul Haque
Shahtaj Mahmud
Shalabh Srivastava
Shalini Chauhan
Shamika Ravi
Shaonlee Patranabis
Sharad Pandey
Sharath Rao
Shauryavir Dalal
Shayak Sengupta
Shifali Goyal
Shishir Gupta
Shivshankar Menon
Shreekant Gupta
Shruti Jargad
Shruti Gakhar
Shruti Godbole
Shruti Gupta
Shruti Jargad
Shruti Slaria
Shyamasis Das
Siddharth Singh
Sikim Chakraborty
Sisir Debnath
Suzanne Maloney
Sofi Bergkvist
Sofia Shehana Basheer
Sourangsu Chowdhury
Srestha Banerjee
Srishti Katoch
Stephen P Cohen
Steven Pifer
Strobe Talbott
Subhanshi Negi
Subhashini Abeysinghe
Subir Gokarn
Sukhmani Kaur Toor
Sumit Prasad
Supriya Ravishankar
Suzanne Maloney
Swati Mitchelle Dsouza
Tamara Cofman Wittes
Tanima Pal
Tanvi Madan
Tarandeep Kaur
Tarun Chhabra
Tarun Khanna
TCA Avni
CSEP
Ted Piccone
Teresita C Schaffer
Teresita Schaffer
TG Srinivasan
Tim Boersma
Timmons Roberts
Todd Stern
Torrey Taussig
Trishna Wahengbam
Uday Mehta
Ulrich Voltz
Umesh Kumar
Umika Chanana
Urvashi Sahni
Utkarsh Dalal
Utkarsh Patel
V Anantha Nageswaran
Vaidehi Tandel
Valbha Shakya
Vanda Felbab Brown
Vandana Vasudevan
Veda Vaidyanathan
Vikram Singh Mehta
Vinod Thomas
Vrinda Gupta
Vrinda Gupta
Vyoma Jha
Waheguru Pal Singh Sidhu
Will Moreland
William A Galston
William J Antholis
Yashika Singh
Yashobanta Parida
Zachary Balin
Zhuo Zhang
Year
All
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Publications : RESEARCH
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Health Insurance Access and Disease Profile for Women in India
This paper explores the evolving burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among women in India and assesses the alignment between disease prevalence and health insurance coverage through a case study in Meghalaya.
Nandita Bhan
&
Prajakta Shukla
August 13, 2024
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Deconstructing PMAY-U: What the Numbers Reveal
PMAY-U, India's largest urban housing programme, has sanctioned 11.9 million houses since 2015, but faces challenges including poor coverage of slum households and numerous delays.
Debarpita Roy
&
Rashmi Kundu
August 9, 2024
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Evolution of the Healthcare Policy Framework in India
This paper reviews India's healthcare policy evolution, revealing progress and persistent challenges, particularly in public health spending and rural-urban disparities.
Janak Raj
,
Shauryavir Dalal
&
Aashi Gupta
August 8, 2024
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Strengthening Primary Care in India
This paper identifies some of the key gaps in policy design and implementation and reflects on the key insights from comparable countries, which experienced similar challenges to India in the recent decades.
Khushboo Balani
,
Alok Kumar Singh
&
Sandhya Venkateswaran
July 16, 2024
Journals and Other Publications
Health and Human Development
Economic Growth and Human Development in India –Are States Converging?
The paper examines the issues in adapting flexible inflation targeting (FIT) for emerging markets. This framework is crucial for analysing the evolution and performance of FIT in India.
Janak Raj
,
Vrinda Gupta
&
Aakanksha Shrawan
June 17, 2024
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Fiscal Transfers from the Union to States and Healthcare in India
Janak Raj, Rahul Ranjan, Vrinda Gupta and Aakanksha Shrawan assess the role of fiscal transfers from the Union government compared to States’ own revenue in explaining their healthcare spending.
Janak Raj
,
Rahul Ranjan
,
Vrinda Gupta
&
Aakanksha Shrawan
June 11, 2024
Blog
Health and Human Development
Falling Short of the Zero Hunger Target
While the determinants of declining consumption of overall cereal and food-related items need further investigation, it is useful to understand how undernutrition varies across income quintiles.
Alok Kumar Singh
June 6, 2024
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Urban Health: Slipping Through the Cracks
This paper by Indrani Gupta and Alok Kumar Singh attempts to bring out the challenges of policymaking in the context of urban health.
Indrani Gupta
&
Alok Kumar Singh
May 22, 2024
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Federal Financing of Health: Implications for Health System Capacity and...
This paper explores the evolving nature of federal financing for health, including the increase in union transfers through Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSSs) and its implications for state-level health prioritisation and capacities.
Avani Kapur
,
Indranil Mukhopadhyay
,
Janak Raj
,
Prajakta Shukla
,
Ritwik Shukla
,
Sharad Pandey
&
Sandhya Venkateswaran
May 21, 2024
Journals and Other Publications
Health and Human Development
Interlinkages Between Economic Growth and Human Development in India: A...
This study explores the relationship between economic growth and non-income components (health and education) of the Human Development Index (HDI) for 26 Indian states during the period from 1990 to 2019.
Janak Raj
,
Vrinda Gupta
&
Aakanksha Shrawan
February 9, 2024
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Interlinkages Between Economic Growth and Human Development in India: A...
India must significantly increase its public spending on health and education, and ensure its effective targeting. This would reduce people’s out-of-pocket expenses, allowing them to allocate funds to their other crucial needs and strengthen the interlinkages between human development and economic growth.
Janak Raj
,
Vrinda Gupta
&
Aakanksha Shrawan
December 12, 2023
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
A Report on Voluntary Health Insurance in India: A Bridge Towards...
Madhurima Nundy and Pankhuri Bhatt's paper presents a detailed review and analysis of India’s health insurance landscape, with a focus on voluntary health insurance (VHI).
Madhurima Nundy
&
Pankhuri Bhatt
November 1, 2023
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
House Prices in India: How High, and for How Long?
Shishir Gupta, Nandini Agnihotri and Annie George shed light on the state and dynamics of house prices in India by leveraging a unique dataset that gives house prices over the past 30 years.
Shishir Gupta
,
Nandini Agnihotri
&
Annie George
October 27, 2023
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Medical Education in India: A Study of Supply-Side Dynamics
The paper argues for a rethink of the existing regulatory and policy requirements pertaining to setting up and, more importantly, scaling up medical colleges, in order to ensure a greater number of seats per college, and for a more equitable distribution of seats.
Amrita Agarwal
,
Khushboo Balani
&
Sandhya Venkateswaran
July 31, 2023
Executive Policy Brief
Health and Human Development
Health System Reforms for Universal Health Coverage: Insights from Select...
This policy brief synthesises insights, relating to key challenges faced in achieving UHC, from six emerging country case studies—Brazil, China, Indonesia, Mexico, Thailand, and Turkey—with varying contexts in their journey towards UHC.
Sandhya Venkateswaran
,
Madhurima Nundy
,
Alok Kumar Singh
&
Pankhuri Bhatt
July 10, 2023
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Economic Growth and Human Development in India: Are States Converging?
This Working Paper examines the key aspects of the relationship between economic growth (EG) and human development (HD) at the all-India and the state-levels.
Janak Raj
,
Vrinda Gupta
&
Aakanksha Shrawan
June 26, 2023
Journals and Other Publications
Health and Human Development
Political Motivation as a Key Driver for Universal Health Coverage
The paper separates motivation as a distinct factor for analysis because, in the absence of strong incentives, not every political opportunity may lead to attention to an issue, and finds that reforms were motivated by a need to gain political legitimacy by an incoming regime, or ...
Sandhya Venkateswaran
,
Shruti Slaria
&
Sampriti Mukherjee
November 15, 2022
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Health System in the Kingdom of Thailand: Reforms, Achievements and...
Health systems in Thailand have been frequently researched since its reforms in early 2000s, especially in the context of health coverage (UHC).
Madhurima Nundy
&
Pankhuri Bhatt
November 10, 2022
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Health System in Brazil: Reforms, Transformation and Challenges
Sandhya Venkateswaran and Alok Kumar Singh traces the trajectory of health system reform in Brazil, from 1990 to 2019, and analyses the contextual factors that drove the reform process.
Sandhya Venkateswaran
&
Alok Kumar Singh
November 9, 2022
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Health System in the Republic of Indonesia: Reforms, Transformations, and...
Madhurima Nundy and Pankhuri Bhatt analyse systemic transformations and studies the achievements and challenges in reforming health services in Indonesia over the years to the present.
Madhurima Nundy
&
Pankhuri Bhatt
November 2, 2022
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
The Political Journey of Healthcare in Select Indian States
This paper examines the political trajectory of health in five Indian states, in terms of the sociopolitical determinants of attention to health, to understand differences in health status and investments, as well as to gain insights into how health came to be prioritised in some of ...
Sandhya Venkateswaran
,
Mayank Mishra
&
Nikhil Iyer
October 20, 2022
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Health Systems Reforms and Transformations: Insights from Country Studies
The Health System Reforms and Transformation: Insights from Country Studies is a series of six case studies from China, Turkey, Mexico, Brazil, Indonesia, and Thailand that trace the trajectory of health reforms and draw lessons in understanding key instruments that led to these shifts.
Sandhya Venkateswaran
,
Madhurima Nundy
,
Alok Kumar Singh
&
Pankhuri Bhatt
October 4, 2022
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Health System in Mexico: Reforms, Transformation and Challenges
Alok Kumar Singh and Sandhya Venkateswaran trace the trajectory of health system reforms, including and prior to Seguro Popular (SP), from 2003 until 2019, and analyses the contextual factors that were instrumental in the reform process.
Alok Kumar Singh
&
Sandhya Venkateswaran
September 20, 2022
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Health System in Turkey: Reforms, Transformation and Challenges
Sandhya Venkateswaran and Alok Kumar Singh trace the trajectory of health system reform in Turkey, from 2003 to 2019, and analyses the contextual factors that drove the reform process.
Sandhya Venkateswaran
&
Alok Kumar Singh
September 20, 2022
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Health System in People’s Republic of China (PRC): Reforms,...
Madhurima Nundy and Sandhya Venkateswaran's paper outlines the salient features of health reforms in China and their impact in terms of access, utilisation and equity through a systems framework.
Madhurima Nundy
&
Sandhya Venkateswaran
September 20, 2022
Books & Chapters
Health and Human Development
Anchoring Change: Seventy-Five Years of Grassroots Interventions That Made...
Anchoring Change attempts to answer these and several other such questions, through accounts of organizations from across India, spanning the seventy-five years since independence.
Vikram Singh Mehta
,
Neelima Khetan
&
Jayapadma RV
August 26, 2022
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Political Motivation as a Key Driver for Universal Health Coverage
Political motivation does not always arise by itself, but it is often driven by external factors and stakeholders who contribute to creating or strengthening incentives for political attention, writes Sandhya Venkateswaran, Shruti Slaria and Sampriti Mukherjee.
Sandhya Venkateswaran
,
Shruti Slaria
&
Sampriti Mukherjee
July 7, 2022
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Health Status in India: Challenges and Opportunities
India has experienced considerable progress in health, in outcomes as also infrastructure. However, the task of addressing the health of India’s citizens remains an unfinished task.
Sandhya Venkateswaran
February 22, 2022
Discussion Paper
Health and Human Development
India’s Health Status and Emerging Priorities
The progress on several indicators since the 2014-15 survey points to the success of interventions on various fronts, although a cross-year comparison reveals that progress has slowed down for many states.
Sandhya Venkateswaran
&
Alok Kumar Singh
December 15, 2021
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
The Political Pathway to Health System Improvements in India
With a predominantly family health and infectious disease focus, India’s health system is not well geared to deal with the increasing burden of noncommunicable diseases.
Sandhya Venkateswaran
,
Shruti Slaria
&
Nachiket Mor
December 1, 2021
Journals and Other Publications
Health and Human Development
Sub-National Economy
Waste Management and Cleanliness in Cities: Linking Expenditure with...
Our results indicate that while SWM expenditure per capita is positive and statistically significant at 1% level, waste generation is completely insignificant, argues Shishir Gupta and Rishita Sachdeva.
Shishir Gupta
&
Rishita Sachdeva
October 20, 2021
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Can Property Rights Improve Access to Toilets for the Urban Poor? Evidence...
Shaonlee Patranabis and Sahil Gandhi analyse slum laws from three states, studying two approaches to improvement of slums—redevelopment, and provision of property rights.
Shaonlee Patranabis
&
Sahil Gandhi
October 1, 2021
Blog
Growth, Finance, Health & Human Development
One Year of CSEP: Essential Reading on Economic Growth and Finance
On the one-year anniversary of CSEP, we bring you eight essential readings on the Indian economy.
Trishna Wahengbam
September 10, 2021
Working Paper
Sub-National Economy
Revisiting the role of funding: Lessons from expenditure and performance...
As large parts of Bengaluru remain under water, we revisit a paper by Shishir Gupta and Rishita Sachdeva on the role of funding in delivering better urban services. Using SWM as an example, the authors argue that service delivery levels can increase significantly without spending (much) ...
Shishir Gupta
&
Rishita Sachdeva
April 16, 2021
Impact Paper
Health and Human Development
Do property rights explain health outcomes of adolescent girls in India?
The study reveals the state of property rights in India and presents an analyses of issues pertaining to security of tenure.
Pradeep Guin
,
Neelanjana Gupta
,
Krishanu Karmakar
&
Kaveri Thara
March 8, 2021
Journals and Other Publications
Health and Human Development
Too slow for the urban march: Litigations and the real estate market in...
Sahil Gandhi
,
Vaidehi Tandel
,
Alex Tabarrok
&
Shamika Ravi
February 24, 2021
Executive Policy Brief
Health and Human Development
India’s housing paradox: Empty houses and housing shortages
The Model Tenancy Act can improve rent control legislation and contract enforcement to bring vacant houses into the market.
Sahil Gandhi
,
Richard K Green
&
Shaonlee Patranabis
February 18, 2021
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
India’s Housing Vacancy Paradox: How rent control and weak contract...
How rent control and weak contract enforcement produce unoccupied units and a housing shortage at the same time.
Sahil Gandhi
,
Richard K Green
&
Shaonlee Patranabis
January 18, 2021
Journals and Other Publications
Health and Human Development
Breaking down Silos to improve the health of older adults: The case for...
The leading cause of injury for older Americans is falls in the home, resulting in more deaths than any other injury, as well as a significant portion of Medicare spending.
Richard K Green
,
Patricia F Harris
&
Anthony W. Orlando
September 27, 2020
Blog
Health and Human Development
Are slums more vulnerable to the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from Mumbai
India has been highly susceptible to the spread of pandemics. The 1918 pandemic caused devastation across the country, with an excess mortality of 4.5%. While a century has passed since then, the present conditions of dense living and a weak public healthcare system makes the possibility ...
Shaonlee Patranabis
,
Vaidehi Tandel
&
Sahil Gandhi
April 16, 2020
Blog
Health and Human Development
The early days of a global pandemic: A timeline of COVID-19 spread and...
The COVID-19 pandemic has sent shockwaves throughout the global economy. Some economies have been affected more severely than others. It started with a few deaths in Wuhan, China, with the earliest reported case on November 17, 2019. By December 31, 2019, when the Chinese authorities first ...
Aradhika Menokee
,
Sikim Chakraborty
&
Dweepobotee Brahma
April 2, 2020
Blog
Health and Human Development
COVID-19 | Does India have enough doctors? An analysis of growing COVID-19...
Coronavirus cases are quickly increasing across the globe, with just 580 reported cases (on January 22, 2020), in the span of a few weeks, the total number of confirmed COVID-19 cases have increased to over half a million across the world. The surge in coronavirus cases ...
Sikim Chakraborty
,
Dweepobotee Brahma
&
Prachi Singh
March 27, 2020
Blog
Health and Human Development
COVID-19 | Is India’s health infrastructure equipped to handle an...
With growing number of coronavirus cases in India (and worldwide), policymakers have sprung into action – more information is being disseminated about preventive measures such as hand washing and not touching the face. Social distancing has been suggested as a tool to “flatten the curve”, or ...
Sikim Chakraborty
,
Prachi Singh
&
Shamika Ravi
March 24, 2020
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Mobility and tenure choice in urban India
This paper considers the impact that the shrinking rental sector has had on the opportunities for Indians to migrate.
Richard K Green
,
Arnab Dutta
&
Sahil Gandhi
March 11, 2020
Report
Health and Human Development
Medicines in India: Accessibility, affordability and quality
Healthcare expenditure is financed through various sources in a country. It can be financed by the government (state or union), insurance schemes (public or private) or borne by households directly in the form of out-of-pocket expenditures (OOPE). More financing by the government implies less financial burden ...
David Dam
,
Prachi Singh
&
Shamika Ravi
March 3, 2020
Report
Health and Human Development
Reviving Higher Education in India
This paper examines enrolment trends, graduation and employment patterns and the quality of Higher Education Institutions in India.
Neelanjana Gupta
,
Puneeth Nagaraj
&
Shamika Ravi
November 27, 2019
Blog
Health and Human Development
Performance of the Supreme Court and tenure of Chief Justices of India: An...
This is a tentative and an exploratory analysis to assess the productivity of the Supreme Court of India (SC) under different Chief Justices of India (CJI) in terms of accomplished adjudications, which is its core function. In particular, we study the number of judgements passed by ...
Shamika Ravi
&
Mudit Kapoor
October 22, 2019
Blog
Health and Human Development
Women’s Reservation Bill: What can India learn from other countries?
Globally, women remain vastly underrepresented in local and national politics. As of 2018, according to the Inter Parliamentary Union, only 24%[i] of parliamentarians are women. Can public policy, in general, and affirmative action, in particular, result in political inclusion of women? Data from the International Institute ...
Geetika Dang
October 18, 2019
Blog
Health and Human Development
The persistence of memory: The burden of Alzheimer’s disease in...
Between 2001 and 2011, India’s elderly population increased from 70 million to 104 million (Census estimates). In 2011, the population over 60 years of age comprised 8.6% of the total population. With falling population growth rates this share is only expected to increase further in the ...
Dweepobotee Brahma
September 20, 2019
Blog
Health and Human Development
Women’s Political Participation and Development
On July 29th, 2019, Brookings India hosted Sonia Bhalotra for a Development Seminar on Women’s Political Participation and Development. She presented two co-authored papers, “Women Legislators and Economic Performance” (2018)[1] and “Maternal Mortality and Women’s Political Participation” (2018)[2]. The two discussants for the event were Atishi, leader ...
Geetika Dang
September 4, 2019
Blog
Health and Human Development
Assessing gender in the North East
On July 19, 2019, Brookings India hosted a Development Seminar on gender in the North East, under its Property Rights Initiative and Gender Secretariat Initiative, which is a platform for developing and discussing research that fuels impact on policy related to gender in India. Patricia Mukhim, ...
Geetika Dang
September 2, 2019
Blog
Health and Human Development
Missing women patients: Gender discrimination in access to healthcare
Gender discrimination in access to healthcare has not been systematically studied in India or many other developing countries. This is primarily due to a lack of reliable data. In this paper, we use extensive data collected on clinical appointments from a large public-funded tertiary care hospital ...
S V Subramanian
,
Shamika Ravi
,
Mudit Kapoor
,
&
Ambuj Roy
August 8, 2019
Report
Health and Human Development
The promise of impact investing in India
Achieving the ambitious sustainable development goals (SDGs) by 2030 will take an estimated $5 to $7 trillion per year, with a financing gap of $2.5 trillion in developing countries.In India alone, the outsize challenge has been translated into a financing gap of $565 billion. While ...
Prerna Sharma
,
Emily Gustafsson Wright
,
Shamika Ravi
&
Izzy Boggild Jones
July 1, 2019
Report
Governance & Institutions
India 2024: Policy priorities for the new government
A changing global order, energy transitions and climate change and rapid technological advancement – India’s next government has the difficult task of steering the country through an interesting and crucial time. India 2024: Policy Priorities for the New Government, edited by Dhruva Jaishankar and Zehra Kazmi, ...
Shamika Ravi
May 17, 2019
Report
Governance & Institutions
India 2024: An informed India
For years, governments, policymakers, and philanthropists have contributed funds for the delivery of social programs to achieve specific goals and development outcomes. These funds have been used to tackle poverty, hunger, malnutrition, and other critical policy issues. But while necessary, they have met varying degrees of ...
Prerna Sharma
&
Shamika Ravi
May 17, 2019
Report
Governance & Institutions
India 2024: An urban India
It is now widely recognised that India’s future will be urban. According to estimates by the United Nations’ World Urbanisation Prospects, India will see the highest increase in urban population in absolute numbers of any country. By 2050, it will add more people to its cities ...
Sahil Gandhi
May 17, 2019
Report
Governance & Institutions
India 2024: A highly educated India
India has seen a rapid expansion in the higher education sector since 2001. There has been a dramatic rise in the number of higher education institutions (HEI) and enrolment has increased four-fold. The Indian higher education system is now one of the largest in the world ...
Neelanjana Gupta
&
Shamika Ravi
May 17, 2019
Report
Governance & Institutions
India 2024: A healthy India
India’s economy has grown at an impressive pace over the last few years, but overall, it still witnesses poor health outcomes. The wealth of a nation is its human capital and with poor health outcomes, India’s human capital will suffer. This has a direct consequence on ...
Prachi Singh
May 16, 2019
Blog
Health and Human Development
Why women candidates are more likely to run as independents
In a democratic polity, political representation is an inherent aspect of political participation. In this view, whether or not women are able to exercise political participation depends, to a large extent, on the terms of their inclusion and the extent to which the rules of the ...
Geetika Dang
&
Prerna Sharma
May 9, 2019
Blog
Health and Human Development
What India’s 65 million ‘missing women’ mean for the...
As the largest democracy in the world, India has boasted a consistent record of free and fair elections. A democratic government derives its legitimacy and power to implement policy from the “consent of the governed”. But if a significant chunk of the population is “missing”, does ...
Geetika Dang
&
Prerna Sharma
April 25, 2019
Blog
Health and Human Development
Teenage girls in India: Aspirations and reality
There are 80 million teenage girls in India. A clear understanding of their current realities and their aspirations is essential in order to design effective policies for them. However, a key impediment for data-driven policy design, in order to address the needs of teenage girls in ...
Geetika Dang
April 3, 2019
Working Paper
Growth, Finance, Health & Human Development
Health and Human Development
Early life exposure to outdoor air pollution: Effect on child health in...
Pollution in any form, whether it be air or water, poses an environmental risk to the health of the exposed population. Literature from both developing and developed nations indicates the adverse health effects that air (Soo and Pattnayak, 2019 & Chay and Greenstone, 2003) and water ...
Kunal Bali
,
Prachi Singh
,
Sagnik Dey
&
Sourangsu Chowdhury
March 12, 2019
Report
Health and Human Development
Difficult Dialogues: A compendium of contemporary essays on gender...
Existing literature has documented a significant gender gap in various sectors including health, labour market opportunities, education and political representation in India. The objective of this compendium is to move the gender policy focus towards the underlying trends and causes of these gender gaps. In particular, ...
Shamika Ravi
March 8, 2019
Report
Health and Human Development
Accelerating financial inclusion in India
By making financial services accessible at affordable costs to all individuals and businesses, irrespective of net worth and size, financial inclusion strives to address and offer solutions to the constraints that exclude people from participating in the financial sector. Research shows thatcountries with deeper levels of ...
Shamika Ravi
March 5, 2019
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Too slow for the urban march: Litigations and real estate market in...
India is urbanising and putting increasing pressure on urban land and there is growing impetus to convert land from agriculture to non-agriculture use. According to the United Nations (2015), India will see the largest increase of all countries in urban population by 2050. Efficient functioning of ...
Vaidehi Tandel
,
Sahil Gandhi
,
Shamika Ravi
&
Alex Tabarrok
January 31, 2019
Blog
Health and Human Development
“Heavy debts alone are not driving farmers to suicide”
Shamika Ravi
December 24, 2018
Blog
Health and Human Development
Increasing private practitioner engagement with tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that is most prevalent in South Asia. It is caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis and primarily affects the lungs. A small fraction of infected individuals develop symptoms and the capability of transmission. In 2015, India accounted for 2.2 million of ...
Dhruv Gupta
October 12, 2018
Report
Health and Human Development
Is India ready to JAM?
The Indian government’s JAM trinity comprises three components: Jan Dhan bank account, Aadhaar unique identity number and mobile phone. A combination of these three elements is seen as the pathway to implementing large-scale direct benefit transfers in India. The Jan Dhan Ayojana (Peoples’ Wealth Scheme) is ...
Shamika Ravi
August 27, 2018
Blog
Health and Human Development
Using technology to improve the efficacy of school feeding programmes
Heralded as the world’s largest school feeding programme, the Mid-Day Meal Programme in India reaches out to over 120 million children in over 1.26 million schools. State governments, along with funding from the national government, supply free lunches to children in primary and upper primary classes ...
Prerna Sharma
August 2, 2018
Blog
Health and Human Development
The ascent of Artificial Intelligence: How will AI change the...
Do machines make mistakes? How often and at what cost? When can we truly trust machines? From SIRI to self-driving cars, Google’s search algorithms to autonomous weapons and drones, the past few decades have witnessed some of the fastest, almost meteoric, rises in Artificial Intelligence (AI). ...
Prerna Sharma
July 17, 2018
Blog
Health and Human Development
Artificial intelligence and data analytics in India
Advances in artificial intelligence and data analytics are propelling innovation in many parts of the world.[1] China, for example, has committed $150 billion towards its goal of becoming a world leader by 2030.[2] And while the United States government is investing only $1.1 billion in non-classified ...
Darrell M West
&
Shamika Ravi
May 17, 2018
Blog
Health and Human Development
Brookings India consortium brings together researchers analysing National...
The National Family Health Survey 2015-16 conducted by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare provides information at an individual, household, district, state, and country level about various metrics related to health. The survey’s 800,000+ household observations are appropriately weighted by the International Institute of Population ...
Dhruv Gupta
May 2, 2018
Blog
Health and Human Development
Regulating a Digital Economy: An Indian Perspective
The “fourth industrial revolution” which has been characterised by end-to-end digitalisation has led to unprecedented increases in connectivity and data flows. By 2017, Asia had the largest number of internet users in the world, with 1.9 billion people online. Joshua Meltzer, Senior Fellow, Global Economy and ...
Prerna Sharma
April 25, 2018
Report
Health and Human Development
Restructuring the Medical Council of India
The National Medical Commission Bill looks to create a National Medical Commission (NMC) to replace the currently existing and extremely corrupt Medical Council of India. This new body would be responsible for the accreditation of all medical education institutions within the country as well as maintaining a national registrar ...
Shamika Ravi
August 11, 2017
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Missing Female Patients: An Analysis of Gender Ratios from a Tertiary Care...
Abstract The issue of missing women, which is excess mortality of females as seen in low population ratio of women to men, in developing countries was first highlighted in a landmark mark paper by Sen in 1990 and again in 2003. Anderson and Ray estimate suggests that ...
Shamika Ravi
,
Mudit Kapoor
,
Randeep Guleria
&
Ambuj Roy
July 25, 2017
Report
Health and Human Development
Health Monitor
The Health Monitor brings together real-time data, research & powerful analytics of India’s healthcare sector on a common platform. It’s created using publicly available data from across all states & Union Territories. It enables researchers & policymakers to access, monitor and analyse real-time health measures at ...
Shamika Ravi
&
Mudit Kapoor
July 21, 2017
Working Paper
Governance & Institutions
The impact of Electronic Voting Machines on electoral frauds, democracy,...
Free and fair elections are cornerstones of democracy. In India, electronic voting machines (EVMs) were introduced with the objective of reducing electoral fraud. We exploit the phased roll-out of the EVMs in state assembly elections to study its impact on electoral fraud, democracy, and development. Our ...
Shamika Ravi
,
Mudit Kapoor
&
Sisir Debnath
March 20, 2017
Report
Health and Human Development
Gender issues in India: an amalgamation of research
Forty-two years have passed since the United Nations first decided to commemorate March 8th as International Women’s Day, marking a historical transition in the feminist movement. Gender remains a critically important and largely ignored lens to view development issues across the world. On this past occasion ...
Shamika Ravi
&
Nirupama Jayaraman
March 10, 2017
Report
Health and Human Development
What explains childhood violence?
Violence in childhood is a serious health, social and human rights concern globally, there is, however, little understanding about the factors that explain the various forms of violence in childhood. This paper uses data on childhood violence for 10,042 individuals from four countries. We report Odds ...
Shamika Ravi
&
Rahul Ahluwalia
February 21, 2017
Report
Health and Human Development
Women and representative governance in India
Brookings India Senior Fellow Shamika Ravi recently presented glimpses of her work on women and representative governance in India to a group of students from New York University. Dr. Ravi presented her research through three main perspectives namely, governance, representation and potential solutions. Her research has ...
Shamika Ravi
&
Nirupama Jayaraman
February 17, 2017
Report
Health and Human Development
Health and Morbidity in India (2004-2014)
The decade from 2004 to 2014 saw the Indian economy grow at an impressive rate. This was also the time when the government brought sweeping policy initiatives into the healthcare sector. New health schemes were introduced at the national level as well as state levels. After a decade ...
Shamika Ravi
,
Rahul Ahluwalia
&
Sofi Bergkvist
December 3, 2016
Executive Policy Brief
Health and Human Development
Nutrition in India: Targeting the First 1,000 Days of a Child’s Life
Notwithstanding the sizeable economic and social gains made by India over the last two decades, the pernicious, often invisible, challenge of maternal and child undernutrition remains a national public health concern. This undermines the assumption that economic growth is in itself a sufficient condition for improvement ...
Shamika Ravi
&
Ramandeep Singh
October 16, 2016
Report
Health and Human Development
Building Smart Cities in India: Allahabad, Ajmer, and Visakhapatnam
As India continues to experience rapid urban expansion, public and private leaders at a national, state, and local level are looking into ways to better manage larger populations and unlock greater economic potential. Launched under Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2015, the “Smart Cities Mission” is ...
Adie Tomer
,
Joseph Kane
,
Shamika Ravi
&
Ankit Bhatia
August 18, 2016
Impact Paper
Health and Human Development
Paper | Building a Design Economy in India
In this paper, we outline the manner in which design can help promote the Indian economy. We look at the status of design in India, review the country’s development challenges, discuss the opportunities of a design economy, and make recommendations to enhance design in India. Highlights ...
Darrell M West
&
Shamika Ravi
February 23, 2016
Blog
Health and Human Development
Priorities for India’s health policy
India’s health care sector is poised at a crossroads, and the direction taken now will be critical in determining its trajectory for years to come. In a recent Brookings India paper on the Indian government’s health care policy, Shamika Ravi and Rahul Ahluwalia argue that it should prioritize ...
Shamika Ravi
&
Rahul Ahluwalia
January 26, 2016
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Report | Priorities for India’s National health policy
One of India’s fundamental failings as a modern nation has been our inability to get successive governments to prioritize and deal with public goods. Public goods (as against private goods) have non-rival and non-excludable consumption which makes pricing difficult. This in turn makes their provision through ...
Shamika Ravi
&
Rahul Ahluwalia
December 11, 2015
Report
Health and Human Development
A reality check on suicides in India
In this paper, we study the data from the National Crime Record Bureau (NCRB) of India and disaggregate across demographic and leading causes of suicides. We find that mental and physical health are the leading causes of suicides in India (20%) while the often cited factor, ...
Shamika Ravi
June 1, 2015
Executive Policy Brief
Health and Human Development
Intellectual Property Rights: Signs of Convergence
The Pre-Summit Backdrop Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) have been among the most contentious economic issues in the bilateral relationship between India and the United States. For several years, the U.S. has claimed that the Indian regulatory regime has been both weak and inadequately enforced. In a ...
Subir Gokarn
January 20, 2015
Report
Health and Human Development
Developing SAARC’s Higher Education Potential
Education is a powerful medium to unleash the potential of the SAARC region by cutting poverty and promoting development. It can also be an instrument of soft power for a nation like India by raising its cultural and political, especially democratic, attractiveness for others. With rapid ...
Shamika Ravi
November 20, 2014
Report
Health and Human Development
SAARC and India’s Healthcare Opportunities
Less than one fifth of all international tourists to India are from the SAARC countries. Yet, more than half of all foreigners who visit India for medical treatments are from SAARC countries. Together the two statistics imply that while India gains a lot more from rest ...
Shamika Ravi
November 20, 2014
Report
Governance & Institutions
Turning Water Challenges into Opportunities
Water is vital in South Asia, where most countries are still largely agrarian. As such, water is inherently political – its socio-ecological flows are implicated in competition by economies, individuals and nations, while its distributional regimes have the capacity to alter lives and livelihoods. Competing water-use ...
Subir Gokarn
&
Anuradha Sajjanhar
November 20, 2014
Report
Health and Human Development
The three components of livelihood security: jobs, skills and safety nets
(Remarks made in the ASSOCHAM Livelihoods Security Summit on November 3, 2014) Let me begin by expressing my appreciation for ASSOCHAM’s initiatives in furthering debate and understanding on the very critical issue of livelihoods. The theme for this seminar addresses a very important aspect of an ...
Subir Gokarn
November 7, 2014
Executive Policy Brief
Health and Human Development
Strengthening India-U.S. Relations through Higher Education
Over the last 20 years, we have witnessed an explosion of aspiration among the Indian youth, who are also among the biggest supporters of Prime Minister Modi. Access to quality higher education is the launchpad for the realization of those aspirations and dreams of young India. ...
Shamika Ravi
September 23, 2014
Report
Health and Human Development
Intellectual Property Rights: An eminent domain approach for India and the...
Intellectual property rights (IPR) are a significant point of contention between India and the United States. India is on the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative’s (USTR) IPR priority watch list, indicated in the Special 301 Report for 2014, which signals heightened scrutiny and, from India’s ...
Subir Gokarn
September 23, 2014
Report
Health and Human Development
Why So Few Women in Politics? Evidence from India
In this paper, the authors analyze women as political candidates in Indian democracy. Using 50 years of assembly elections data at the constituency level from the Indian states, they show that women are more likely to contest elections in those constituencies where gender ratio of the ...
Shamika Ravi
&
Mudit Kapoor
August 5, 2014
Report
Health and Human Development
What Drives Entrepreneurship? Some Evidence from India
This paper studies the growth of entrepreneurship in India by analyzing the micro, small and medium enterprises sector (MSME) and explores the factors that contribute to its development. The author analyzes a panel data of all 35 states and union territories from 1991 until 2006. The ...
Shamika Ravi
July 14, 2014
Working Paper
Health and Human Development
Working Paper: Women in Party Politics
Introduction: The Women’s Reservation Bill – which proposes to reserve 33 per cent of seats in Parliament and State Legislative Assemblies for women – has been doing the rounds of the Indian Parliament in various forms since it was first introduced by the Deve Gowda government ...
Shamika Ravi
&
Rohan Sandhu
April 24, 2014
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